Upgrading to 0.9: geometry construction#
Magnelio 0.9 replaces standalone Face polygons and
Curve.covered() with Profile factories. All coordinates in a
polygon are now three-dimensional world coordinates, and profiles can carry
holes directly.
For the other API changes in this release, see Upgrading API naming.
Previous construction |
Current construction |
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Several arcs approximating a full circle |
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Neither Face nor covered() remains an alias. Use Profile.rectangle when
the intended shape is a rectangle, and Profile.circle for a disc. Curve
construction through polyline, arc, ellipse_arc, spline, helix,
joined, and absolute Path steps remains available.
The repeat, copy, unite and group options of translated() and
rotated(), and the copy/aggregation options of mirrored(), remain available.
repeat counts transformed copies; copy=True includes the original first.
Fusion through unite=True accepts Solid geometry only; use group=True
for curves, profiles or material-preserving assemblies. An explicitly requested
Group or Union is returned even for one translated or rotated copy.
For an old rectangle in the plane y = 2 mm, with (u, v) meaning (x, z),
the world-coordinate replacement is:
from magnelio import geo
uv = [(0, 0), (4e-3, 0), (4e-3, 3e-3), (0, 3e-3)]
profile = geo.Profile.polygon([(u, 2e-3, v) for u, v in uv])
body = profile.extruded((0, 5e-3, 0), material="pec")
A previously covered closed outline becomes:
from magnelio import geo
outline = (
geo.Path((0, 0, 0))
.line_to((4e-3, 0, 0))
.line_to((4e-3, 3e-3, 0))
.line_to((0, 3e-3, 0))
.closed()
)
profile = geo.Profile.from_wires(outline, material="pec")
body = profile.extruded((0, 0, 5e-3))
Profile factories now check planarity and boundary validity immediately.
Handle invalid input at construction rather than waiting for the first mesh
or bounding-box query. profile.boundary() returns standalone curves, outer
first and then holes in the supplied order. Loft preserves those holes and
requires matching hole counts and correspondence in every section. Its material
now defaults to the first section’s material, with an explicit material=
overriding inheritance.
The geometry construction guide explains exact curves, arbitrary orientation, holes and placement; Tutorial 14 constructs a hollow elbow and compares its volume with profile area times spine length.
Owned topology#
Solid.face(near=..., normal=..., surface_type=...), edge(...) and
vertex(...) now return owner-bound references. Keep enduring selections by
calling tagged_face, tagged_edge or tagged_vertex before placement, then retrieve
the name from the placed owner. faces, edges, tagged_faces and tagged_edges
are deliberate set operations. Numeric kernel indices are not supported.
References have no independent transform methods. Detach a face with
face.detached() or an edge with edge.as_curve() when standalone geometry
is required. The existing solid modification signatures remain available.
Ambiguous semantic picks raise AmbiguousTopologyError; refine the selector
instead of relying on kernel order. Names follow affine placements exactly;
construction that loses or splits a singular name raises
TopologyEvolutionError. Name a set before an intentional split. Project
geometry now retains names by replaying their semantic origins and construction
histories; older projects without this metadata continue to load.
Tutorial 14 names a coax end face, rotates its owner and sweeps the placed annulus directly for a continuation.
Uniform operations and referenced modifications#
Use the selected FaceRef itself for extrusion, revolution, sweep, thickness
and loft. Detachment is needed only for independent placement. Replace loose
point lofts with start_face.lofted(end_face); geo.Loft can mix profiles,
planar sheets and face references. Holes survive all forms, including tangent
transitions. The start section supplies an omitted material.
Previous form |
Reference form |
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The point forms remain available and now reject ambiguous picks immediately. Refs must belong to the exact receiver of an owner modification. After transforming an owner, retrieve its refs again. A sweep transports the actual profile by the shortest normal-to-tangent rotation, preserving its in-plane roll; an already aligned section is kept as placed. This can change the roll of asymmetric sections previously aligned through canonical world frames. Thickening forward now follows the section’s oriented normal rather than a canonical positive world component.
Materialless profile operations now consistently produce construction solids for Boolean use. Such results still require a material before model assembly.
from magnelio import geo
body = geo.Brick(size=(4e-3, 3e-3, 2e-3), material="pec")
cap = body.face(normal="z")
extension = cap.extruded((0, 0, 3e-3))
housing = body.shelled(0.2e-3, openings=cap)
Relative routes#
Existing absolute Path(start).line_to(...).arc_to(...).ellipse_to(...).spline_to(...)
calls remain available. To continue from a planar owned face, replace manual
centroid/normal arithmetic with Path.from_face(face, up=...). To route from
a point, use Path.from_pose(point, tangent, up). Up must not be parallel to
tangent; it determines left/right and is carried without added tangent twist.
from magnelio import geo
body = geo.Cylinder(axis="x", radius=2e-3, inner_radius=1e-3,
height=6e-3, material="pec").tagged_face("port", normal="x")
body = body.rotated("z", 22.5)
face = body.face("port")
spine = (geo.Path.from_face(face, up="z")
.turn_right(radius=8e-3, angle_deg=22.5)
.straight_to_plane("x", 20e-3).curve())
extension = face.swept(spine)
Absolute segments now resolve their CAD endpoint tangent when appended.
Degenerate segments with no tangent therefore fail at that step. Relative
turns require a posed start; an absolute-only path acquires tangent but no
implicit up direction. turn_to rejects an opposite direction because it
does not determine a bend plane. The routing guide
defines spatial transport and the distinction between routing pose and pipe
orientation. Tutorial 14 executes the oblique coax bend to the domain plane.